Uso de Kairomonas y feromonas como alternativa en el manejo integrado de la palomilla dorso de diamante (Plutella xylostela L.) en el cultivo de brócoli en la región norte de Guanajuato, México.

Abstract

Broccoli is a vegetable that contains a wide variety of vitamins and minerals, with high contents of folate and folic acid (Vitamin B), which are necessary for cell growth and division. In Mexico, it is considered one of the most important vegetable crops due to the area cultivated, income, and employment generated. The main broccoli-producing region is located in the state of Guanajuato, followed by Michoacán and Puebla. Its production is affected by a variety of pests. One of the main pests is the diamondback moth; it is considered one of the most difficult to manage and, although it does not affect yield, it has indirect effects since it contaminates the commercial product that is harvested. It is therefore critical to find alternatives to prevent this moth from presenting a risk to the harvested product. One option is the use of kairomones and/or pheromones. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of ACCTRA PLUTELLA, alone or in combination with NOCTOVI and insecticide. The experiment was established in two localities in the state of Guanajuato. In each treatment, we evaluated 12 replicates in which we counted the number of adult females captured. From the counts obtained, we estimated the area under the curve for each treatment and locality. The area under the curve values were analyzed in a randomized block design by locality and in the series of experiments considering both localities. The results indicated that in both localities there were population peaks of approximately 20 days, although it was the Obrajuelos locality that presented the highest population density. The attractant using ACTTRA PLUTELLA + imidacloprid presented the largest average number of adult females captured throughout the experiment in high populations of females, while in the low populations the best treatment was ACTTRA PLUTELLA + methomyl. However, the combined analysis indicated that ACTTRA PLUTELLA + imidacloprid had the highest capture.