Larrad biliopancreatic diversion in Sprague-Dawley rats. Analysis of weight loss related to food intake

Abstract

Background Existing medical therapeutic strategies to achieve and maintain clinically significant weight loss in morbid obesity remain limited and the biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) is still the most effective among the bariatric surgical procedures. Our objective was to evaluate the weight and food intake after this procedure in a rat model. Methods Rats randomly underwent one of the following protocols (1) BPD (n=12) versus sham (n=12) with a follow-up period of 30 days and (2) BPD (n=4) versus pairfed (PF; n=4) with a follow-up period of 50 days. Under intraperitoneal anesthesia with ketamine–xilacine, a subcardinal corpo-antral gastrectomy was made, preserving the gastric fundus that was anastomosed to a jejunal limb after dissecting the proximal jejunum 5 cm below the ligament of Treitz to form the alimentary limb. The biliopancreatic limb was terminolaterally anastomosed to the distal ileum 5 cm above the ileocecal valve to form the common limb. Sham animals underwent only abdominal incision. Weight and food intake were measured every day. Results In protocol 1, after postoperative day 30, BPD rats exhibited a mean weight reduction of 17.9% while shams increased 12.4%. There was no difference in food intake adjusted per 100 g of body weight. In protocol 2, after postoperative day 50, BPD rats had a mean weight reduction of 22.6% and, despite increasing their caloric intake from a mean of 42.6 after 6 days to 65.8 kcal/day after 50 days, they kept a similar mean weight of 344.0 and340.2 g, respectively; on the contrary, PF rats exhibited a 30.8% body weight gain. Conclusions After the BPD, body weight is maintained independently of changes in food and energy intake.