Resumen:
The emerging incidence of antibiotic resistance trait among the bacteria populating poultry presents a devastating
public health issue. On the other hand, at present, diabetes and obesity are the most serious public health
issues and are increasing subsequently at alarming rate. In view of this, the present in vitro context was aimed to
investigate the antibacterial activities of Momordica charantia (M. charantia) fruits extracts against poultry associated
Bacillus spp. and to assess further its phytoconstituents, alpha-(α)-glucosidase activities, and antiobesity
properties. The anti-pathogenic attributes of M. charantia fruit extracts were carried out using disc
diffusion assay and results showed the pronounced antibacterial trait of ethanolic extract with maximum zone of
inhibition of 28.3 ± 1.2 mm against Bacillus licheniformis. The qualitative phytochemical analyses of fruit extracts
illustrated the presence of diverse phytoconstituents. The α-glucosidase inhibition assay for the extracts
was performed according to the α-glucosidase activity kit. The results depicted the lowest α-glucosidase activity
(57.13 ± 2.3 to 18.14 ± 1.3 U/L) in the presence of ethanolic extract at varied concentrations. The antiobesity
potentialities of fruit extracts were demonstrated in terms of porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL type II)
activity using p-nitro-phenyl butyrate (p-NPB) as a substrate. The ethanolic extract of M. charantia fruits was
observed to exhibit maximum inhibition of pancreatic lipase ranging from 20.12 ± 2.3 to 68.34 ± 1.3% in a
dose dependent manner with an IC
value of 607.6 ± 1.3 μg/mL. FTIR and GC-MS results indicated the presence
of distinct compounds in the ethanol extract and major bioactive constituents were found to be Dimethyl
sulfone (35.24%), 9-octadecanamide (20.52%), Pentadecanoic acid (6.64%), Lanost-9 (11)-en-18-oic acid, 23(acetylxyl)-3-(4-bromobenzoyl)
oxyl-20-hydroxyl-gamma-lactone (2.6%), and 2,2-sulfonyldiethanol (2.46%). In
conclusion, M. charantia fruits could be of great concern in pharmaceutical industries due to its adequate biological
properties and may also help in the management of poultry associated bacterial pathogens.
