MANUFACTURA Y PROCESAMIENTO DE ALEACIONES NANOESTRUCTURADAS ZINC-NÍQUEL POR MOLIENDA MECÁNICA

Abstract

At present has been studied alloys for zinc- nickel rechargeable batteries as a new potential to large-scale generation and of energy storage devices inexpensive. Its advantages, do not utilize mercury, lead, cadmium since they are elements are very difficult to recycle as opposed to these elements that if they can be recycled. on the other hand, the objective of this project is to determine and optimize the synthesis of manufacturing these kinds of materials and that these can be applied and possible generating the hydrogen in fuel cells based on an electrochemical reduction reaction (proton exchange) to from contact with hydroxides and basic solutions have and a source of clean based energy hydrogen at par to establish a manufacturing process for manufacturing low economic cost and low environmental impact. This work consists of manufacturing nanostructured zinc-nickel alloys by the manufacturing process for high-energy mechanical milling. First is set the chemical composition of Zn based alloy Ni percentage (5, 10, 15 and 20% by weight) with respect to the base, this chemical composition powder is subjected to the mixing process-milling in a high energy mill at 200 rpm for 2 hours, using isopropyl alcohol as control agent, then it makes uniaxial compaction in cold to 300 MPa to obtain cylindrical samples which are then sintered at a temperature of 357 ° C under a controlled atmosphere nitrogen gas. The alloys were determined by optical microscopy (MO), x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning microscopy (SEM), physical properties of volumetric density and Archimedes and its mechanical property of hardness (HV) and modulus of elasticity. Under this same process metal samples were manufactured Ni and Zn to be the reference targets to analyze changes made during the process. It was determined and optimize the process conditions for manufacturing these types of materials, in the microstructure are identified 3 phases in which different were obtained hardness values, the XRD results show the existence of Zn-Ni phase alloyed after the tuning process, which helps us to identify the behavior of the alloy and that they can be applied as hydrogen generators so we can have a clean source of energy that meets the needs of the human being giving both advantages economic and environmental.